American Medical Certification Association (AMCA) Phlebotomy Practice Exam

What solution should be used to wipe the selected vein before venipuncture?

1. 70% Isopropyl Alcohol

2. Hydrogen peroxide

3. Chlorhexidine

4. Saltwater

The correct answer is: 70% Isopropyl Alcohol

Using 70% Isopropyl Alcohol to wipe the selected vein before venipuncture is a common and effective practice in phlebotomy. The primary function of this solution is to disinfect the skin and reduce the presence of bacteria at the puncture site, thus minimizing the risk of infection. Isopropyl alcohol is well-known for its antiseptic properties and its ability to denature proteins, which helps to eliminate microbial life on the skin. This concentration of alcohol is preferred because it is effective enough to kill most bacteria while also evaporating quickly, allowing for a clean puncture without excessive moisture that could interfere with the procedure. Using this solution helps to ensure that the skin is properly sanitized and prepares the site effectively before the needle is introduced. Other solutions, such as hydrogen peroxide or saltwater, are either not as efficient as antiseptics or can potentially irritate the skin and not provide the same level of disinfection. Chlorhexidine, while an excellent antiseptic, is generally used for specific scenarios or higher-risk procedures but is not the standard practice for all venipunctures.